Ask Shakespeare

The Merchant of Venice: “Come on, Nerissa, I have work in hand that you yet know not of; we’ll see our husbands before they think of us.”

In William Shakespeare’s *The Merchant of Venice*, the character Portia utters the intriguing line, “Come on, Nerissa, I have work in hand that you yet know not of; we’ll see our husbands before they think of us.” This quote, rich with layers of meaning, encapsulates the themes of disguise, agency, and the complexity of gender roles that permeate the play. As we delve into this moment, we uncover not only its significance within the narrative but also its broader implications in the context of Shakespearean literature and contemporary society.

Contextual Meaning

The quote arises in the latter part of the play when Portia and her maid Nerissa are preparing to return to Venice after successfully outsmarting the male characters. Disguised as a lawyer and a clerk, respectively, they have just proven their wit and intelligence in the courtroom, thereby asserting their agency in a patriarchal society. The phrase “work in hand that you yet know not of” hints at Portia’s clever and premeditated plans. It suggests a sense of mystery and intrigue, as she orchestrates a scheme that will allow them to confront their husbands before they realize the true identities of the women they love.

Literary Devices and Language

Shakespeare employs several literary devices in this quote, most notably foreshadowing and irony. The phrase “work in hand” suggests an active engagement in a plot, while the use of “before they think of us” creates an ironic tension; the husbands believe they are in control, yet Portia and Nerissa are the ones pulling the strings. The playful tone of the dialogue between Portia and Nerissa is characterized by an underlying confidence and wit that highlights the cunning nature of both women. By playfully betting on who will appear the more attractive in disguise, Portia not only demonstrates her self-assuredness but also critiques societal standards of masculinity and femininity.

Historical Context

*The Merchant of Venice* was written in the late 16th century, a time when the roles of women were largely restricted to the domestic sphere. Portia’s actions challenge these conventions, showcasing her intelligence and autonomy. Historically, women had few rights and were often viewed through the lens of their relationships with men. Portia subverts this reality by taking on a male persona, thus allowing her to navigate a world dominated by men. This act of cross-dressing not only provides a comedic element but also serves as a commentary on the fluidity of gender roles, a topic that continues to resonate in contemporary discussions about identity.

Themes and Broader Implications

The themes of disguise, deception, and the nature of love are central to *The Merchant of Venice*, and this quote encapsulates these ideas beautifully. Portia and Nerissa’s plan to see their husbands incognito speaks to the theme of love’s complexity; it suggests that true love is based on understanding and recognition, rather than mere appearances. Moreover, their ability to manipulate the situation reflects the ongoing struggle for female autonomy in a world that often seeks to suppress it.

The quote also resonates with Shakespeare’s broader oeuvre, where the interplay between appearance and reality frequently surfaces. In plays such as *Twelfth Night* and *As You Like It*, characters don disguises to explore their identities and desires. This recurring motif invites audiences to reflect on the nature of self and the societal constructs that shape our interactions.

Modern Interpretations and Relevance

In contemporary society, the themes encapsulated in Portia’s quote remain relevant. The idea of women asserting their independence and challenging traditional gender roles is a pressing topic today. Many modern interpretations of *The Merchant of Venice* highlight the importance of female empowerment, often reimagining Portia and Nerissa as figures of strength and resilience. The quote invites us to consider how women continue to navigate complex societal expectations and assert their agency in an often patriarchal world.

Conclusion

Portia’s declaration, “Come on, Nerissa, I have work in hand that you yet know not of; we’ll see our husbands before they think of us,” is a powerful moment in *The Merchant of Venice* that encapsulates the play’s exploration of gender, identity, and love. Through clever wordplay and rich thematic content, Shakespeare invites us to question societal norms and consider the complexities of human relationships. As we reflect on this quote, we are reminded of the timeless nature of Shakespeare’s work and its ability to resonate with contemporary audiences, encouraging us to engage with the ongoing discourse surrounding gender and agency in our own lives.